Transitioning to sustainable freight transportation by integrating fleet replacement and charging infrastructure decisions

The transportation sector is the largest contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Disruptive technological changes in this sector, such as alternative fuel vehicles, are crucial for emission reduction. We show how a cost-minimizing strategic transition plan adopt electric trucks over time can be developed firm that owns and operates fleet of diesel trucks. consider case which decides invest charging infrastructure required support transition, either because public currently inadequate or reasons. congestion effect at stations, times, potential loss productive driving due detours reach stations explicitly considered. By developing an independence property, we able model problem linear integer program without specifying origins destinations. illustrate resulting with realistic parameter configurations. Our results indicate high demand density given service region significantly benefits from adoption trucks, while also enjoying substantial carbon emissions savings. High favors smaller battery capacity shorter ranges under optimized network capacity, even though larger would increase productivity extended ranges. analysis offers insights governments regulators regarding impact several influential factors cost, content renewable energy electricity mix, engine efficiency, subsidizing infrastructure. Additionally, present extension allows different modalities partnership investment; notably public-private private-private partnerships. While general our suggest partnerships beneficial all involved, amount relative distribution gains depend on topography